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中文名: 科学家之路：培养可靠规范的学术行为指南

原名: On Being a Scientist A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research

作者: Engineering, and Public Policy Committee on Science
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine

图书分类: 科技

资源格式: PDF

版本: 第三版

出版社: National Academies Press

书号: 978-0309119702

发行时间: 2009年

地区: 美国

语言: 英文

简介: 


The
scientific research enterprise is built on a foundation of trust.
Scientists trust that the results reported by others are valid. Society
trusts that the results of research reflect an honest attempt by
scientists to describe the world accurately and without bias. But this
trust will endure only if the scientific community devotes itself to
exemplifying and transmitting the values associated with ethical
scientific conduct. On Being a Scientist was designed to supplement the
informal lessons in ethics provided by research supervisors and mentors.
The book describes the ethical foundations of scientific practices and
some of the personal and professional issues that researchers encounter
in their work. It applies to all forms of research–whether in academic,
industrial, or governmental settings-and to all scientific disciplines.
This third edition of On Being a Scientist reflects developments since
the publication of the original edition in 1989 and a second edition in
1995. A continuing feature of this edition is the inclusion of a number
of hypothetical scenarios offering guidance in thinking about and
discussing these scenarios. On Being a Scientist is aimed primarily at
graduate students and beginning researchers, but its lessons apply to
all scientists at all stages of their scientific careers.

这是一本关于学术道德规范的书，在国外，学术道德作为科研过程中一个重要的评价标准，任何违反学术道德的行为都会被严肃处理，对于刚开始进行研究的研究生，博士生来说，这是一本很好的参考书，它告诉你如何进行规范的学术研究。

目录: 

Introduction to the Responsible Conduct of Research 1
Terminology: Values, Standards, and Practices, 3
Advising and Mentoring 4
Case Study: A Change of Plans, 5
Advice: Choosing a Research Group, 6
The Treatment of Data 8
Case Study: The Selection of Data, 10
Mistakes and Negligence 12
Historic Case Study: Changing Knowledge, 13
Case Study: Discovering an Error, 14
Research Misconduct 15
Historic Case Study: A Breach of Trust, 16
Case Study: Fabrication in a Grant Proposal, 17
Case Study: Is It Plagiarism?, 18
Responding to Suspected Violations of Professional Standards 19
Historic Case Study: Treatment of Misconduct by a Journal, 21
Case Study: A Career in the Balance, 22
Human Participants and Animal Subjects in Research 24
Case Study: Tests on Students, 25
Case Study: A Change of Protocol, 26
Laboratory Safety in Research 28
Sharing of Research Results 29
Historic Case Study: The Race to Publish, 31
Case Study: Publication Practices, 32
Advice: Restrictions on Peer Review and the Flow of
Scientific Information, 34
Authorship and the Allocation of Credit 35
Case Study: Who Gets Credit?, 36
Historic Case Study: Who Should Get Credit for the
Discovery of Pulsars?, 38
Intellectual Property 39
Case Study: A Commercial Opportunity?, 42
Competing Interests, Commitments, and Values 43
Case Study: A Conflict of Commitment, 45
Advice: Does the Source of Research Funding Influence
Research Findings?, 47
The Researcher in Society 48
Historic Case Study: Ending the Use of Agent Orange, 49
Appendix: Discussion of Case Studies 51
Additional Resources 57

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